Rossiya-Ukraina mojarosining kuchayishi va Rossiyaga qarshi G’arbning keyingi sanktsiyalari Evroosiyo aloqasiga chuqur va keng qamrovli ta’sir ko’rsatdi. Bir tomondan, ushbu holatlar Shimoliy va Markaziy Evroosiyo koridorlarining Xitoy va Evropa o’rtasidagi tranzit yo’llari rolini sezilarli darajada kamaytirdi va dengiz transportiga geosiyosiy omillar ham tahdid solmoqda. Shu bilan birga, Rossiya-Evropa energetika savdo tarmog’i va infratuzilma aloqalari muhim o’zgarishlarga duch kelmoqda, neft va gaz quvurlari tez-tez siyosiylashtirilib, ularga qarshi turish va tahdid qilish kabi maqsadlarda foydalaniladi va shu bilan Evroosiyo aloqasi xavfsizligini buzadi. Boshqa tomondan, bu geosiyosiy o’zgarishlar, shuningdek, Rossiya va Belarus kabi Xitoy va Yevroosiyo iqtisodiy Ittifoqi (EAEU) mamlakatlari o’rtasidagi hamkorlikni chuqurlashtirish, Trans-Kaspiy xalqaro Transport yo’nalishi (TITR, o’rta koridor), Xitoy-Qirg’iziston-Ikkinchi O’rta yo’lakning bir qismi sifatida O’zbekiston temir yo’li va xalqaro Shimoliy-Janubiy Transport yo’lagi (INSTC). Ushbu fonda Rossiya, Xitoy, Qo’shma Shtatlar va Evropa har biri o’zlarining ulanish strategiyalarini ishlab chiqdilar, bu Evroosiyo ichidagi turli sub-mintaqalarning geosiyosiy dinamikasiga qarab “ulanish urushlari” yoki hamkorlikdagi tarmoq qurilishining turli xil o’zaro ta’sir stsenariylariga olib keldi. Shu nuqtai nazardan, Markaziy Osiyoning Evroosiyo ulanishidagi hal qiluvchi roli tobora ommalashib bormoqda va uni Evroosiyo ichida yangi ulanish markazi sifatida paydo bo’lishi va butun qit’ani qamrab oladigan ulanish tarmog’ini qurishga rahbarlik qilmoqda.
The escalation of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the subsequent Western sanctions against Russia have had profound and far-reaching impacts on Eurasian connectivity. On the one hand, these circumstances have significantly reduced the role of the Northern and Central Eurasian corridors as transit routes between China and Europe, and maritime transport has also been threatened by geopolitical factors. Concurrently, the Russia-Europe energy trade network and infrastructure connections are undergoing significant adjustments, with oil and gas pipelines frequently politicized and used for purposes such as countering and threatening, thereby undermining the security of Eurasian connectivity. On the other hand, these geopolitical changes have also created a range of opportunities, including deepening cooperation between China and Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries like Russia and Belarus, increased focus on the potential of the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (TITR, the Middle Corridor), the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan (CKU) railway as part of a second Middle Corridor, and the International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC). Against this backdrop, Russia, China, the United States, and Europe have each developed their connectivity strategies, leading to varying interaction scenarios of “connectivity wars” or collaborative network building, depending on the geopolitical dynamics of different sub-regions within Eurasia. In this context, Central Asia’s pivotal role in Eurasian connectivity is becoming increasingly prominent, positioning it to potentially emerge as a new connectivity hub within Eurasia and lead the construction of a connectivity network spanning the entire continent.
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Идентификаторы и классификаторы
- УДК
- 32. Политика
